• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an operating device for lighting means, comprising an actively by means of a switch (S1) clocked PFC circuit (PFC) having a starting from a control circuit (S) clocked switch (S1) and is supplied starting from a supply voltage (V) wherein the control circuit (S) clocks the switch (S1) with a control loop in which the detected output voltage (VBUS) of the PFC circuit is the actual value and the timing of the switch (S1) is the control variable, and detection means (E) for the Switch-on time (ton) of the clocking of the switch, which detect the time course of the switch-on time (ton) and depending on at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage include: concerns a DC voltage, concern an AC voltage, or omission of the supply voltage ,
    公开号:AT16194U1
    申请号:TGM116/2015U
    申请日:2015-05-11
    公开日:2019-03-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    OPERATING DEVICE WITH DETECTION OF THE DISPLACEMENT OF THE SUPPLY VOLTAGE The invention relates to an operating device, in particular for illuminants and preferably to an emergency lighting operating device, which makes it possible to detect the loss of a supply voltage at the input-side connections of the operating device and in particular to different states of the supply voltage differ.
    For this purpose, the operating device preferably has detection means which evaluate the supply voltage present. In particular, the operating device also has a power factor correction or PFC circuit. The PFC circuit has a clocked switch which is clocked by a control circuit. In addition, the detection means, e.g. realized as a detection circuit, also be part of the control circuit in order to detect an AC supply voltage and / or a DC supply voltage with which the operating device is supplied.
    It is known that detection of a supply voltage as to whether an AC voltage (AC voltage) or a DC voltage (DC voltage) is present is particularly important for control gear in emergency lighting devices. Operating devices in emergency lighting devices use the distinction between AC voltage and DC voltage to identify emergency lighting operation and, if necessary, to switch to emergency lighting operation. The DC voltage can indicate a supply based on an energy store, such as a battery or an accumulator, which is activated after the AC supply voltage fails. As a result, the operating mode of the operating device is selected depending on the supply voltage detected at the input of the operating device (for AC supply, for example, normal operation, for DC supply, emergency lighting operation).
    It is also known that a circuit with an asymmetrical voltage divider can be used to detect the presence of a DC supply voltage or an AC supply voltage, an AC voltage being present on the basis of a signal tapped at the asymmetrical voltage divider (for example its midpoint voltage) can be distinguished from a DC voltage.
    The problem now is that a filter circuit is provided in some operating devices between the input-side network connections of the operating device and the voltage divider, which has capacitors. If the supply voltage now fails at a time of a high supply voltage or mains voltage amplitude, the capacitors of the filter circuit are initially charged to a high voltage and slowly discharge via the (in particular asymmetrical) voltage divider. Thus, the loss of the supply voltage is not immediately recognized on the voltage divider, but rather that, for example, a DC voltage is present instead of the previously applied AC voltage.
    The DC voltage output by the capacitors thus leads to the control circuit of the operating device initiating measures which are provided in the event that a DC voltage is detected. For example, the operating device can be started overall, for example, in order to activate associated lamps for the emergency lighting operating mode. On the other hand, appropriate illuminants can also be activated by the already active operating device.
    This reaction is undesirable, however, since overall the start-up of the operating device or the activation of the corresponding illuminant leads to a load on the circuit components used and a supply is only possible until the energy stored in the capacitors is exhausted.
    However, this energy should be used to activate other functions of the operating device. If the supply voltage is completely lost, the control circuit (e.g. an ASIC or microcontroller for regulating the PFC) should e.g. in a / 15
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    Go into sleep mode and the lamps should not be started. Instead, the remaining energy should be used, for example, to store operating parameters of the control circuit.
    The aim of the invention is therefore to enable an exact detection of the loss of the supply voltage.
    To this end, the invention proposes an operating device and a method according to the independent claims.
    [0011] Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
    In a first aspect, an operating device for lamps is provided, comprising an PFC circuit actively clocked by means of a switch, which has a switch clocked from a control circuit and is supplied from a supply voltage, the control circuit providing the switch with a control loop clocks, in which the detected output voltage of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the clocking of the switch is the control variable, and detection means for the switch-on period of the clocking of the switch, which record the chronological course of the switch-on period and, depending on this, on at least two of the following three possible states close the supply voltage: application of a DC voltage, application of an AC voltage, or loss of supply voltage.
    The operating device can switch to an emergency lighting mode or operation when a DC voltage is present, and / or save operating data when the AC voltage is lost and / or then switch off.
    [0014] The detection means can be integrated in the control circuit.
    [0015] The detection means can evaluate the on-time and / or an increase in the on-time, in particular with regard to a threshold value for the on-time.
    [0016] The detection means can evaluate the switch-on time period in predetermined time intervals and / or compare an increase within an interval with a threshold value for the increase.
    The detection means and / or the control circuit can detect a drop in the supply voltage when the switch-on time exceeds the threshold for the switch-on time and / or the increase in the switch-on time exceeds a threshold value for the switch-on time increase.
    At least one voltage divider supplied with the supply voltage can be provided in the operating device. The voltage divider can be asymmetrical.
    The detection means can be set up to detect voltage values on the voltage divider and to evaluate the detected voltage values. Based on this, the presence of the DC voltage and the presence of the AC voltage can be recognized.
    The detection means can detect a change over time in a value of a ratio of a switch-off period to the switch-on period.
    The detection means can evaluate the value of the ratio with respect to a threshold value.
    The detection means can evaluate the value of the ratio with respect to a threshold value for a predetermined time / in a predetermined time window.
    The detection means can recognize the AC supply voltage when the value of the ratio of the switch-off time to the switch-on time fluctuates in the time window or in successive time windows around the threshold value, e.g. alternately above or below the threshold.
    [0024] The detection means can recognize the DC supply voltage if the value
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    Patent Office of the ratio of the switch-off time to the switch-on time in the time window or in successive time windows is only above the threshold.
    The detection means can detect the loss of the supply voltage if the value of the ratio of the switch-off time to the switch-on time in the time window or in successive time windows is only below the threshold value.
    In a further aspect, a method for detecting the state of the supply voltage of an operating device for lighting means is provided, wherein a PFC circuit actively clocked by means of a switch has a switch clocked starting from a control circuit and is supplied starting from a supply voltage, wherein the control circuit clocks the switch with a control loop, in which the detected output voltage of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the clocking of the switch is the control variable, and detection means for the switch-on period of the clocking of the switch, which record the chronological course of the switch-on period and depending on it close at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage: application of a DC voltage, application of an AC voltage, or loss of the supply voltage.
    Integrated control circuit which is designed to support the method as described above.
    [0028] The invention will now be described with reference to the figures and with further aspects. Show it:
    Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 schematically illustrate an exemplary circuit structure according to the invention;
    schematically a voltage divider;
    examples of different voltage profiles;
    schematically a voltage divider with an upstream filter;
    exemplary curves for the detection of a loss of the supply voltage;
    schematically a PFC circuit; and exemplary curves of supply voltages compared to changes over time in a ratio of a switch-off time period t off to a switch-on time period t on .
    An exemplary construction of the circuit with the components according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1. Starting from an electrical supply / supply voltage V, an optional filter F, for example an EMI (electro-magnetic interference) filter, is fed, which is followed by the voltage divider ST. The filter F can also be another filter. Starting from the voltage divider ST, the power factor correction circuit PFC is supplied with the clocked switch S1. The power factor correction circuit PFC can in turn feed a converter K, from which a lamp or a load LA is operated.
    A control circuit S is also shown, which drives the clocked switch S1 of the power factor correction circuit PFC in a control loop, in which the detected output voltage V BU s of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the timing of the switch S1 is the control variable. Furthermore, detection means E are provided which can detect the time profile of a switch-on period t on . The detection means E can be part of the control circuit S (for example a microcontroller, ASIC, ...) or can be provided separately. An integrated unit S1 with detection means E and the control circuit S is therefore also shown. The detection means E can then detect at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage depending on the detected switch-on time ton: application of a DC voltage, application of an AC voltage, and / or loss of the supply voltage. For this purpose, the detection means E can detect a signal on the voltage divider ST, on the basis of which a distinction can be made between AC or DC operation
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    Patent office can (arrow from the voltage divider ST to the detection means E).
    Furthermore, the detection means E detects how the on-time t on of the PFC switch S1 behaves (arrow from the power factor correction circuit PFC to the detection means E). The control circuit S regulates the output or bus voltage V B us output by the power factor correction circuit PFC (arrow from the PFC circuit to the control circuit S) and regulates the switch-on time t on of the PFC switch S1 accordingly (arrow from the control circuit S to the power factor correction circuit PFC) in a relatively fast control loop. The control circuit S tries to keep the output voltage of the PFC constant. In addition, the control circuit S can also control functions of the converter K (for example a flyback, boost, buck converter, ...) (dashed arrow).
    If the supply voltage V now disappears completely, the control circuit S continues to try to keep the output voltage V BU s of the power factor correction circuit PFC constant. This leads very quickly to an increase in the on-time t on of the PFC switch S1, which is detected and evaluated by the detection means E according to the invention. In particular, the detection means E can detect the switch-on times t on of the PFC switch S1 at time intervals, for example at time intervals. If such a measurement is carried out at regular intervals, the detection means E can determine a behavior of the switch-on period t on from two successive measurements.
    [0040] On the one hand, it can be determined whether the switch-on time t on during a measurement lies above a threshold value provided for the detection means E or supplied to it. If this is the case, a loss of the supply voltage V and in particular an AC supply voltage is recognized and a corresponding routine can be carried out. Measures can then be taken which are provided for the loss of the supply voltage V, in particular the setting of the control circuit S to an idle state and the storage of operating parameters in the control circuit S (arrow from the detection means E to the control circuit S). In particular, there is no activation of lamps or equipment and there is no start or restart of the operating device.
    [0041] On the other hand, a climb behavior can also be determined. In this way, an increase in the switch-on time ton can be determined within a detection interval or between two detection times, since the distance between two measurements is known. If the increase or the value of the increase is above a threshold value predetermined for the detection means E, then the loss of the supply voltage V can be concluded (in particular regardless of the evaluation on the asymmetrical voltage divider, for example). Accordingly, as described above, a routine for the loss of the supply voltage V can be carried out by the control circuit S, e.g. after receiving a signal indicating the elimination by the control circuit S from the detection means E.
    Likewise, only an operation of the associated lamps in the emergency operating mode can be enabled if, on the one hand, the asymmetrical voltage divider circuit ST indicates that a DC voltage is present and, on the other hand, the evaluation of the switch-on time t on or the increase in the switch-on time t on shows that none Switch-on time t on too long or there is no excessive rise or jump.
    Fig. 2 shows schematically a voltage divider ST, to which an input voltage V, N is present, which is supplied starting from the supply voltage V via the lines L and N. An asymmetrical voltage divider is shown consisting of the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, the input voltage V, N being detected at the resistors R1 and R3. The resistance value of the resistors R1 and R3 is different. A detection point (measuring pin) PV OU t is provided at a center point between the resistors R3 and R4 for detecting an output voltage V O ut- The asymmetrical voltage divider means that different voltage peak values of the input voltage V, N occur during negative and positive half-waves Output voltage V OU t result.
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    Patentamt This is illustrated in Fig. 3, in which voltage curves for the output voltage Vout for different input voltages V, N (AC voltage (AC), positive rectified AC voltage (+ Rectified AC), negative rectified AC voltage ( -Rectified AC), positive DC voltage (+ DC), negative DC voltage (-DC)) are shown. The voltage profiles for the output voltage V O ut are shown, which can be detected by the detection means E and / or the control circuit S on the detection pin PV O ut on the voltage divider ST.
    Fig. 4 shows the circuit of Fig. 3 with an upstream filter F. This filter has in particular two coils / inductors L EM n, L E mi2 and two capacitors C EM n and C connected in parallel between the supply lines L, N EM i2- As already stated, the capacitors charge when a supply voltage is applied. Other filters can also be provided, which have capacitors, which must first discharge after the supply voltage V ceases to exist.
    5 illustrates how the loss of a supply voltage V can be recognized. Here, for example, there is an AC voltage as the supply voltage V at the input of the operating device, or at the (asymmetrical) voltage divider circuit ST from FIG. 2. Accordingly, the curve of the output voltage V O utEs plotted at the top in FIG. 5 results. A threshold value or Refvott reference value must be specified. If the output voltage V OU t falls below this reference value Refvott, in particular for a certain period of time, a failure of the supply voltage V can be detected.
    However, the point in time at which a drop below the threshold value Refvott for the output voltage V OU t can be detected by the detection means E depends on the state of charge of the filter capacitors as well as on their capacitance. If, for example, the supply voltage V fails at a point in time t CLrt , the reference value Ref Vo ff is quickly undershot if the charge level and / or capacitance of the capacitors is low (indicated by the dashed continuation of the curve).
    With a high charge level and / or high capacitance of the capacitors, however, there is a slower drop in the output voltage V OU t and thus the reference value Ref Vo ff is undershot later (indicated by the dash-dotted continuation of the curve profile). Overall, a time delay At dependent on the charge level of the capacitors can result for the detection of a loss of the supply voltage V.
    However, if, as shown in FIG. 5 below, the switch-on period of the PFC switch S1 is monitored, a faster detection is possible. If, for example, a threshold value Ref ton voff is provided for the switch-on time ton of the switch S1, the interruption of the supply voltage V, for example the AC supply voltage, can be detected when the switch- on time period exceeds the threshold value Ref ton voff for the switch-on time period t on .
    It can also be evaluated whether there is an increase in the switch- on duration value t on in a specific time interval, for example when a check takes place within certain time intervals in particular continuously, for example after the threshold value Reftonvoff has been exceeded for the switch-on time period t on . If, therefore, the switch-on time t on has increased within two measurements to such an extent that a value is obtained which is above a value for the maximum permissible rise in the switch-on time t on , the failure of the supply voltage V can also be recognized hereby. The time At can thus be greatly shortened, as shown in FIG. 5 below.
    As an alternative or in addition, instead of monitoring the behavior of the switch-on time t on , the ratio of a switch-off time t O ff to the switch-on time t on can be detected and based thereon a discrimination regarding the states of the supply voltage can be carried out. Then either a voltage divider is not necessary or a symmetrical voltage divider can be used. In particular, the value of the ratio is determined and evaluated. In the following, only the term ratio is used for this.
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    Patent Office Fig. 6 shows a detail of the power factor correction circuit PFC from Fig. 1 in more detail. A coil L1 is shown here, the magnetization state of which is detected by means of an auxiliary winding L2 via a resistor R5 at a measuring point (or pin) ZX. This is done in particular to detect a zero crossing of the applied voltage V, N or the supply voltage V. Furthermore, the PFC switch S1 is shown, which is connected in series with a measuring resistor R shunt and can connect the supply lines L, N. A current through the switch can be detected at the measuring resistor R shunt by means of a tap (pin) CS (“current sense”), while the switch-on time ton of the switch S1 can be detected by means of a tap Pt on . The switch S1 can be designed as a transistor and in particular as a FET or MOSFET.
    The switch is consequently connected on the higher side with respect to the potential to the output of the coil L1 and to an anode of a diode D1. A smoothing capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1 in parallel with the series circuit of the switch S1 with the measuring resistor R shunt . Likewise, the switch-off time can also be determined at the tap Pt on , or this can result from the time between two switch-on times of the switch S1.
    In a first phase, in which the switch S1 is closed, current flows through the coil L1 and the switch S1. In this phase the energy is stored in the coil L1. In a second phase, the switch S1 is opened and the coil L1 drives the current through the diode D1 until the coil current reaches the value zero (ZX, “zero crossing). Then the first phase begins again.
    The ratio of the switch-off time t off and the switch-on time t on of the switch S1 depends directly on the current supply voltage V. The ratio of the switch-off time period t O ff to the switch-on time period t on of the switch S1 of the PFC circuit is therefore a type of inverted “duty cycle.
    [0056] In particular, the ratio is as follows:
    = Vb ™, 1 J t-on Vbus-Vft) 'wherein the voltage V B us is the voltage output by the power factor correction circuit PFC and V is the supply voltage V, which may correspond to the input voltage V, N or a mains supply voltage V M ains The voltage V B us corresponds to the voltage across the capacitor C1 and is kept constant, in particular by regulating the PFC switch S1 by the control circuit S. The detection means E now evaluate the ratio of the switch-off time period t off to the switch-on time period ton with respect to a threshold value limit. Since the on period t on and turn-off time t off by the detection means E are recorded, then t may be an AC or DC voltage detection by evaluating the ratio of the on period on and turn-off time t O ff within a certain time window (for example, 5-20 ms , preferably 10 ms).
    If the ratio t off to t on at certain times is above the predetermined threshold "limit, but then also below the predetermined threshold" limit and thus fluctuates overall, the detection means E evaluate this as the presence of an AC voltage and that Control gear stops operating accordingly. In particular, this fluctuation takes place in the time window or in two successive time windows.
    On the other hand, the ratio of the switch-off time t off to the switch-on time t on remains constant and, in particular, constant above the predetermined threshold value “limit, it is concluded that a DC voltage is present.
    On the other hand, if the ratio of the switch-off time t off to the switch-on time t on is constant but at a low value and thus below the threshold “limit (the control circuit S tries to set the maximum switch-on time t on of the switch S1), the
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    Patent office closed a supply voltage failure.
    A graph which illustrates the dependency of the ratio of the switch-off time period t O ff to the switch-on time period t on is shown in FIG. 7. There is, for example, the profile of the supply voltage V and the ratio of the switch-off time period t off to the switch-on time period t on for AC voltages 230 and 150 V and DC voltages of 230 and 150 V.
    Both aspects of the invention therefore allow improved detection of the loss of supply voltage.
    It is to be understood that the components from FIG. 1 can be part of an emergency lighting operating device. The control circuit S can include the functionality of the detection means E and can also perform other control tasks. However, it should also be understood that the components are provided in other modules. For example, a filter F can be connected upstream of the control gear and therefore not be part of the control gear. The converter K can also be connected downstream of the operating device. The power factor correction circuit PFC and an asymmetrical voltage divider can also be arranged in parallel and can thus be supplied separately starting from the supply voltage V, the output voltage V OU t and the switch-on time period t on then being able to be detected on the voltage divider and the power factor correction circuit PFC. The detection means E and the control circuit S can be designed as an integrated control circuit S1.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Expectations
    1. Control gear for illuminants, characterized in that the control gear has:
    - A PFC circuit (PFC) which is actively clocked by means of a switch (S1) and which has a switch (S1) which is clocked starting from a control circuit (S) and is supplied starting from a supply voltage (V), the control circuit (S) providing the Switch (S1) clocks with a control loop, in which the detected output voltage (V BU s) of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the clocking of the switch (S1) is the control variable,
    - Detection means (E) for the switch-on period (t on ) of the timing of the switch (S1), which record the time course of the switch-on period (t on ) and, depending on this, deduce at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage:
    - DC voltage applied
    - AC voltage is present, or
    - No supply voltage.
    [2]
    2. Operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating device is designed to
    - switch to an emergency lighting mode when a DC voltage is present, and / or
    - to save operating data and / or to switch off when the AC voltage is lost.
    [3]
    3. Operating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the detection means (E) are integrated in the control circuit (S); and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to evaluate the switch- on time period (t on ) and / or an increase in the switch-on time period (t on ), in particular with regard to a threshold value (Refvoff); and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to evaluate the switch-on time period (E) at predetermined time intervals; and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to detect a drop in the supply voltage (V) when the switch-on time period (t on ) exceeds the threshold value for the switch-on time period (Refvoft), and / or the increase in the switch-on time period (t on ) exceeds a threshold for the on-time increase.
    [4]
    4. Operating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one voltage divider (ST) supplied with the supply voltage (V) is provided in the operating device, in particular an asymmetrical voltage divider.
    [5]
    5. Operating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the detection means (E) are set up to detect and evaluate voltage values at the voltage divider (ST), and to recognize the presence of the DC voltage and the presence of the AC voltage based thereon. and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to detect a change over time in a value of a ratio (t 0 ff / t 0n ) of a switch-off time period (t O ff) to the switch-on time period (t on ); and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to detect the value of the ratio (t 0 ff / t 0n ) and to evaluate it with respect to a threshold value (limit).
    [6]
    6. Operating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the detection means (E) are set up to evaluate the value of the ratio ( tO ff / ton) with respect to the threshold value (limit) for a predetermined time / in a predetermined time window.
    [7]
    7. Operating device according to claim 6, characterized in that the detection means (E) are set up to recognize the AC voltage when the value of the ratio (t off / t on ) in the time window around the threshold (limit)
    [8]
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    Patent Office fluctuates, in particular is alternately above or below the threshold; and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to recognize the DC voltage if the value of the ratio in the time window is only above the threshold value (limit); and / or that the detection means (E) are set up to recognize the loss of the supply voltage (V) when the value of the ratio in the time window is only below the threshold value (limit).
    8. A method for recognizing the state of the supply voltage of an operating device for lamps, characterized in that an PFC circuit which is actively clocked by means of a switch is provided, which has a switch which is clocked starting from a control circuit and is supplied starting from a supply voltage, the control circuit clocks the switch with a control loop, in which the detected output voltage of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the clocking of the switch is the control variable, and
    Detection means for the switch-on time t on the clocking of the switch, which record the time course of the switch-on time and depend on at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage:
    - DC voltage applied
    - AC voltage is present, or
    - No supply voltage.
    [9]
    9. Integrated control circuit, characterized in that the integrated control circuit is designed to support a method according to claim 8.
    [10]
    10. Control gear for illuminants, characterized in that the control gear has:
    - A PFC circuit (PFC) which is actively clocked by means of a switch (S1) and which has a switch (S1) which is clocked starting from a control circuit (S) and is supplied starting from a supply voltage (V), the control circuit (S) providing the Switch (S1) clocks with a control loop, in which the detected output voltage (V BU s) of the PFC circuit is the actual variable and the clocking of the switch (S1) is the control variable,
    - Detection means (E) for the switch-on time (t on ) and the switch-off time (t O ff) of the timing of the switch (S1), which shows a change over time in a value of a ratio (Wton) of the switch-off time (t off ) to the switch-on time (t on ) and depending on this, conclude at least two of the following three possible states of the supply voltage:
    - DC voltage applied
    - AC voltage is present, or
    - No supply voltage.
    6 sheets of drawings
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    1.6
    BUS
    Fig. 1
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    2.6
    Fig. 2
    [11]
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    3.6
    Fig. 4
    [12]
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    4.6
    [13]
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    5.6
    [14]
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    6.6
    Wil * = v BU $ / v BUS v (t) ώ iZ
    [15]
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    DE102015203950A1|2016-09-08|
    引用文献:
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    DE102013219153A1|2013-09-24|2015-04-09|Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg|Driver module with secondary-side detection of a primary-side electrical supply|DE102016224349A1|2016-12-07|2018-06-07|Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg|A method of identifying the type of supply voltage supplied to a lamp driver|
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    法律状态:
    2020-01-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20190531 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015203950.1A|DE102015203950A1|2015-03-05|2015-03-05|Operating device with detection of the elimination of the supply voltage|
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